YELLOW FEVER VACCINE REQUIREMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS, BY COUNTRY

YELLOW FEVER VACCINE REQUIREMENTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS, BY COUNTRY

Mark Gershman, Betsy Schroeder, Emily S. Jentes, Nina Marano

Table 2-14. Yellow fever vaccine requirements and recommendations, by country

Categories of recommendations for yellow fever vaccination

Recommended: Vaccination recommended for all travelers ≥9 months of age to areas with endemic or transitional yellow fever risk, as determined by persistent or periodic YFV transmission.

Generally not recommended: Vaccination generally not recommended in areas where the potential for yellow fever virus (YFV) exposure is low, as determined by absence of reports of human yellow fever and past evidence suggestive of only low levels of YFV transmission. However, vaccination might be considered for a small subset of travelers who are at increased risk for exposure to YFV because of prolonged travel, heavy exposure to mosquitoes, or inability to avoid mosquito bites.

Not recommended: Vaccination not recommended in areas where there is no risk of YFV transmission, as determined by absence of past or present evidence of YFV circulation in the area or environmental conditions not conducive to YFV transmission.

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CountryYellow Fever Vaccine RequirementsCDC Yellow Fever Vaccine Recommendations
India

Any traveler (except infants ≤6 months old) arriving by air or sea without a certificate is detained in isolation for up to 6 days if that person—
1) arrives within 6 days of departure from an area with risk of YFV transmission, 
2) has been in such an area in transit (except those passengers and members of flight crews who, while in transit through an airport in an area with risk of YFV transmission, remained in the airport during their entire stay and the health officer agrees to such an exemption),
3) arrives on a ship that started from or touched at any port in an area with risk of YFV transmission up to 30 days before its arrival in India, unless such a ship has been disinsected in accordance with the procedure recommended by WHO, or 
4) arrives on an aircraft that has been in an area with risk of YFV transmission and has not been disinsected in accordance with the Indian Aircraft Public Health Rules, 1954, or as recommended by WHO.

The following are regarded as countries and areas with risk of YFV transmission:
Africa: Angola, Bénin, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Gabon, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria, Rwanda, São Tomé and Príncipe, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, and Zambia
Americas: Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Panama, Peru, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela

Note: When a case of yellow fever is reported from any country, that country is regarded by the government of India as a country with risk of yellow fever transmission and is added to the above list.

 None

Abbreviation: YFV, yellow fever virus

a The official WHO list of countries with risk of YFV transmission can be found in Table 2-12. Proof of yellow fever vaccination should be required only if traveling from a country on the WHO list, unless otherwise specified. The following countries, containing only areas with low potential for exposure to YFV, are not on the WHO list: Eritrea, São Tomé and Príncipe, Somalia, Tanzania, Zambia.

b An elevation of 2,300 m is equivalent to 7,546 ft.

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